The design and layout of stadium stands need to comprehensively consider factors such as audience comfort, sight, safety and capacity optimization. The following is a specific analysis:

Seat layout and sight design

Layout form: The stands are arranged around the competition venue. Common forms include single-sided stands, double-sided stands, three-sided enclosures and enclosures. The single-sided stand is suitable for small venues, with high sight quality but limited number of seats; the double-sided stand increases flexibility through the setting of movable seats, which is suitable for medium and small venues, but attention should be paid to the blind spot of sight.

Sight design: The stepped stand design ensures that the rear row of spectators can see past the front row to avoid obstruction. The height of the seat steps must be controlled within a reasonable range (such as less than 425mm) to ensure the safety of spectators entering and evacuating. At the same time, the maximum sight angle of the audience seats is usually no more than 26° to reduce visual fatigue.

Seat size and comfort

Basic size: The seat width is generally 50-60 cm, the depth is 45-50 cm, the height is 40-45 cm, and the armrest height is 60-70 cm. These dimensions can be fine-tuned according to the needs of different venues and the size of the audience.

Comfort optimization: The choice of seat material directly affects comfort. Polypropylene (PP) seats are light, impact-resistant, waterproof and moisture-proof; polycarbonate (PC) seats are more durable and suitable for long-term use; high-density polyethylene (HDPE) seats have the characteristics of aging resistance and impact resistance. In addition, the seat back design should fit the curve of the human back and provide good support.

Safety and capacity optimization

Safety: The layout of the stand seats must ensure that the setting of emergency exits, evacuation passages and emergency facilities complies with relevant safety standards and regulations. At the same time, the seats should be installed firmly and reliably to avoid accidents in emergency situations.

Capacity optimization: According to the scale of the event and the conditions of the venue, the stand area should be reasonably planned to ensure that the proportions of each area are coordinated. The number of seats can be flexibly adjusted by using foldable seats or temporary stands to adapt to events of different sizes. In addition, the capacity can be further optimized by increasing the utilization rate of seats (such as using multi-functional seat design).

Special needs and detailed design

Barrier-free seats: A certain number of barrier-free seats need to be set up to meet the needs of disabled spectators. These seats usually have wider row spacing and seat width, and are equipped with corresponding barrier-free facilities.

Audience experience: When designing the seating layout and sight lines, the audience's viewing experience must also be considered. For example, avoid the front row audience blocking the back row's sight when standing; reduce the interference of stage lights and lasers on the audience, etc.